Adhesions

Adhesions form when the body's healing response causes internal surfaces to stick together with fibrous tissue. In the pelvis they most commonly result from endometriosis, prior surgery, or pelvic inflammatory disease. They can distort the fallopian tubes, ovaries, or uterus, interfering with egg pickup and embryo implantation.

Laparoscopy is both the primary diagnostic tool and the treatment: a surgeon cuts the adhesions (adhesiolysis) under direct vision. Recurrence is possible, and severe adhesions may require referral to a specialist skilled in reconstructive pelvic surgery.